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Tendinopathy (General Protocol)

Published: Last updated:

Source: WALT Guidelines 2010

This protocol applies to various tendinopathies including Achilles tendinopathy, lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow), rotator cuff tendinopathy, and patellar tendinopathy. NIR light is applied directly over the affected tendon and its insertion points.

Protocol Parameters

ConditionTendinopathy / Tendinitis
Wavelengths810nm, 830nm, 850nm
Dosage4-8 J per point
Irradiance50-100 mW/cm²
Duration30-60 seconds per point
Frequency3x per week for 4-8 weeks
Body Zonejoints
Evidence LevelStrong

Mechanism of Action

PBM increases fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis in damaged tendon tissue. It reduces inflammatory markers, stimulates tenocyte activity, and promotes organized collagen fiber alignment during healing. The result is structural tendon repair alongside pain relief.

Key Studies

  • Tumilty et al. (2010) - Systematic review confirming efficacy for Achilles tendinopathy
  • Bjordal et al. (2008) - Meta-analysis showing pain reduction in lateral epicondylitis
  • Stergioulas (2007) - RCT showing accelerated Achilles tendon healing

Treatment Tips

  • *Apply directly over the tendon, not just the pain area
  • *Include the musculotendinous junction and bone insertion
  • *Eccentric loading exercises synergize with PBM
  • *Chronic tendinopathy may require longer treatment courses (8+ weeks)

Contraindications

  • !Complete tendon rupture (requires surgical evaluation)
  • !Active infection at the site

Research Basis

This content is informed by 47+ published peer-reviewed studies on photobiomodulation.